Chapter 8

Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA? a. adenine b. guanine c. glutamine d. thymine e. cytosine f. All are in DNA.

What are the base-pairing rules for DNA? a. \(A-G, T-C\) b. \(A-C, T-G\) c. \(A-T, G-C\) d. A-A, G-G, C-C, T-T

Similarities in________ are the basis of similarities in traits. a. karyotype b. DNA sequence c. the double helix d. chromosome number

One species' DNA differs from others in its ________. a. nucleotides b. DNA sequence c. double helix d. sugar-phosphate backbone

In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA wraps around ________. a. histone proteins b. sister chromatids c. centromeres d. nucleosomes

The chromosome number________. a. refers to a particular chromosome in a cell b. is a characteristic feature of a species c. is the number of autosomes in cells of a given type d. is the same in all species

Human body cells are diploid, which means they________. a. divide to form two cells b. have two full sets of chromosomes c. contain two sex chromosomes

DNA replication requires ________. a. DNA polymerase b. nucleotides c. primers d. all are required

Energy that drives the attachment of a nucleotide to the end of a growing strand of DNA comes from ________. a. the nucleotide b. DNA polymerase c. phosphate-group transfers from ATP

When DNA replication begins, ________. a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other b. the two DNA strands condense for base transfers c. old strands move to find new strands

The phrase \(5^{\prime}\) to \(3^{\prime}\) refers to the ________. a. timing of DNA replication b. directionality of DNA synthesis c. number of phosphate groups

After DNA replication, a eukaryotic chromosome ________. a. consists of two sister chromatids b has a characteristic X shape c. is constricted at the centromere d. all of the above

________is an example of reproductive cloning. a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancy c. Artificial embryo splitting d. a and \(c\)

Match the terms appropriately ________nucleotide ________clone ________autosome ________DNA polymerase ________mutation ________bacteriophage ________semiconservative replication ________DNA ligase a. nitrogen-containing base, sugar, phosphate group(s) b. copy of an organism c. does not determine sex d. injects DNA e. replication enzyme f. can cause cancer g. something old, something new h. seals gaps and breaks