Chapter 40

Most commonly, individuals of a natural population show \(a\)________distribution through their habitat. a. random b. clumped c. near uniform

The rate at which population size grows or declines depends on the rate of________. a. births b. deaths c. immigration d. emigration e. a and b f. all of the above

Suppose 200 fish are marked and released in a pond. The following week, 200 fish are caught and 100 of them have marks. How many fish are in this pond?

A population of worms is growing exponentially in a compost heap. Thirty days ago there were 400 worms and now there are \(800 .\) How many worms will there be thirty days from now, assuming conditions remain constant?

For a given species, the maximum rate of increase per individual under ideal conditions is its________. a. biotic potential b. carrying capacity c. environmental resistance d. density control

________is a density-independent factor that influences population growth. a. Resource competition b. Infectious disease c. Predation d. Harsh weather

When predators target large guppies, guppies that reproduce when ________ are at a selective advantage.

The human population is now over 7 billion. It reached 6 billion in ________. a. 2007 b. 1999 c. 1802 d. 1350

Compared to the less developed countries, the highly developed ones have a higher ________. a. death rate b. birth rate c. total fertility rate d. resource consumption rate

Species that usually colonize empty habitats are more likely to have traits that are favored by________. a. \(r\) -selection b. \(K\) -selection

Match each term with its most suitable description. ________carrying capacity exponential growth ________biotic potential limiting factor ________\(\operatorname{logistic}\) growth a. maximum rate of increase per individual under ideal conditions b. population growth plots out as an S-shaped curve c. maximum number of individuals sustainable by the resources in a given environment d. population growth plots out as a \(J\) -shaped curve e. essential resource that restricts population growth when scarce

The demographic transition model predicts a decline in population during the________ stage. a. preindustrial b. transitional c. industrial d. postindustrial