Chapter 15

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. internal combustion engine-heat engine

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. temperature- thermal energy

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. thermal energy - thermal pollution

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. conduction - convection

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. thermal energy - specific heat

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. conduction - radiation

Explain the differences in the vocabulary words given below. Then explain how the words are related. Use complete sentences in your answers. convection-radiation

What source of thermal energy does an internal combustion engine use? A) steam B) burning fuel C) hot water D) refrigerant

What happens to most materials when they become warmer? A) They contract. B) They vaporize. C) They float. D) They expand.

Which occurs if two objects at different temperatures are in contact? A) convection B) condensation C) radiation D) conduction

Which of the following describes the thermal energy of particles in a substance? A) average value of all kinetic energy B) total value of all kinetic energy C) total value of all kinetic and potential energy D) average value of all kinetic and potential energy

Thermal energy moving from the Sun to Earth is an example of which process? A) convection B) radiation C) expansion D) conduction

Many insulating materials contain spaces filled with air because air is what type of material? A) conductor B) radiator C) coolant D) insulator

Which of the following is true? A) Warm air is less dense than cool air. B) Warm air is as dense as cool air. C) Warm air has no density. D) Warm air is denser than cool air.

Which of these is the name for thermal energy that moves from a warmer object to a cooler one? A) kinetic energy B) heat C) specific heat D) temperature

Which of the following is an example of thermal energy transfer by conduction? A) water moving in a pot of boiling water B) warm air rising from hot pavement C) the warmth you feel sitting near a fire D) the warmth you feel holding a cup of hot cocoa

When you heat water in a pan, the surface gets hot quickly, even though you are applying heat to the bottom of the water. Explain.

Explain why several layers of clothing often keep you warmer than a single layer.

Describe When a lightbulb is turned on, the electric current in the filament causes the filament to become hot and glow. If the filament is surrounded by a gas, describe how thermal energy is transferred from the filament to the air outside the bulb.

Concrete sidewalks usually are made of slabs of concrete. Why do the concrete slabs have a space between them?

A winter jacket is lined with insulating material that contains air spaces. How would the insulating properties of the jacket change if the insulating material in the jacket becomes wet? Explain.

Compare Two glasses of water are poured into a pitcher. If the temperature of the water in both glasses was the same before and after they were mixed, describe how the thermal energy of the water in the pitcher compares to the water in the glasses.

In the United States, the Fahrenheit temperature scale is used most often. Some people feel that Americans should switch to the Celsius scale. Take a poll of at least 20 people. Find out if they feel the switch to the Celsius scale should be made. Make a list of reasons people give for or against changing.

List the following temperatures from coldest to warmest: \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) \(200 \mathrm{K}, 50^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\)

The average global temperature is \(286 \mathrm{K}\). Convert this temperature to degrees Celsius.

A doctor measures a patient's temperature at \(38.4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Convert this temperature to degrees Fahrenheit.