Chapter 15

An Introduction to Physical Science · 29 exercises

Problem 1

What common thing is often laid out in a Cartesian coordinate system?

3 step solution

Problem 2

What, on a sphere, is analogous to a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system?

4 step solution

Problem 3

State a reference point and then use a three-dimensional reference system to give the position of your textbook in the room where you are located.

4 step solution

Problem 4

What are the minimum and maximum values for latitude and longitude?

4 step solution

Problem 5

What are the reference points for longitude and latitude?

2 step solution

Problem 6

What are the names of lines of equal (a) longitude and (b) latitude?

3 step solution

Problem 7

What are the latitude and longitude of the North Pole?

5 step solution

Problem 8

At what point on or inside the Earth are longitude/latitude angles measured?

3 step solution

Problem 9

Are meridians great circles? Explain.

4 step solution

Problem 10

Are any parallels great circles? Explain.

5 step solution

Problem 11

Give the longitude of the central meridian for each of the time zones in the conterminous United States.

5 step solution

Problem 12

What do A.M. and P.M. mean? How about GMT and UTC?

3 step solution

Problem 13

What is the standard unit of time, and how is the length of a day defined?

2 step solution

Problem 14

What are two advantages of Daylight Saving Time? Do all states go on DST? Explain.

5 step solution

Problem 15

Distinguish between a solar day and a sidereal day.

5 step solution

Problem 16

How does the date change when one crosses the IDL?

3 step solution

Problem 17

Explain why the Sun moves \(15^{\circ} / \mathrm{h}\).

4 step solution

Problem 18

Describe the apparent north-south motion of the overhead Sun throughout the year. What causes this motion?

5 step solution

Problem 20

How were the latitude and longitude of a ship determined in early sailing days?

2 step solution

Problem 21

At what latitudes can the noonday Sun be seen overhead in (a) the Northern Hemisphere and (b) the Southern Hemisphere?

4 step solution

Problem 22

Distinguish between a tropical year and a sidereal year.

5 step solution

Problem 23

Give the times during the year when a place near the North Pole receives (a) the maximum daily amount of solar radiation and (b) the minimum daily amount.

4 step solution

Problem 24

Where is the noon Sun directly overhead on (a) the beginning of our summer, (b) the beginning of our winter, (c) the beginning of spring, and (d) the beginning of fall?

5 step solution

Problem 26

Distinguish between the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

3 step solution

Problem 27

How often is there a leap year in the Gregorian calendar?

5 step solution

Problem 28

Explain how the circle of illumination changes over 1 year.

6 step solution

Problem 29

Which century year will next be a leap year?

9 step solution

Problem 30

What effect does the precession of the Earth's axis have with respect to the pole star or North Star?

4 step solution

Problem 32

How long does it take the Earth's axis to precess one cycle?

2 step solution

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