Chapter 13

True or false. The output of most sensors is analog.

True or false. A 10-bit ADC has 10-bit digital output.

Which of the following ADC sizes provides the best resolution? \(\begin{array}{lllll}\text { (a) 8-bit } & \text { (b) 10-bit } & \text { (c) 12-bit } & \text { (d) 16-bit } & \text { (e) They are all the same. }\end{array}\)

Calculate the step size for the following \(\mathrm{ADCs}\), if \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}\) is \(5 \mathrm{~V}\) : (a) 8-bit (b) 10-bit (c) 12-bit (d) 16-bit

With \(\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{ref}}=2.56 \mathrm{~V}\), find the \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {in }}\) for the following outputs: (a) \(\mathrm{D} 7-\mathrm{D} 0=11111111\) (b) D7-D0 \(=10011001\) (c) D7-D0 \(=01101100\)

True or false. The ATmega32 has an on-chip A/D converter.

True or false. ATmega32 has 8 channels of analog input.

True or false. The unused analog pins of the ATmega32 can be used for \(\mathrm{I} / \mathrm{O}\) pins.

True or false. The A/D conversion speed in the ATmega32 depends on the crystal frequency.

True or false. The A/D module of the ATmega32 can convert only one channel at a time.

True or false. The A/D module of the ATmega32 can use the \(V_{c c}\) for \(V_{\text {ref }}\).

For the A/D of ATmega32, find the step size for each of the following \(V_{\text {ref }}\) : (a) \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}=1.024 \mathrm{~V}\) (b) \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}=2.048 \mathrm{~V}\) (c) \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}=2.56 \mathrm{~V}\)

With \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}=1.024 \mathrm{~V}\), find the \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {in }}\) for the following outputs: (a) D9-D0 \(=0011111111\) (b) D9-D0 \(=0010011000\) (c) D9-D0 \(=0011010000\)

With \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {ref }}=2.56 \mathrm{~V}\), find the \(\mathrm{V}_{\text {in }}\) for the following outputs: (a) D9-D0 = 1111111111 (b) D9-D0 \(=1000000001\) (c) D9-D0 \(=1100110000\)

Give the names of the interrupt flags for the A/D of the ATmega32. State to which register they belong.

What does it mean when a given sensor is said to have a linear output?

What is signal conditioning?

Find the number of discrete voltages provided by the \(n\)-bit DAC for the following: (a) \(n=8\) (b) \(n=10\) (c) \(n=12\)

Find the \(\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{out}}\) for the following inputs. Assume \(\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{ref}}=2 \mathrm{~mA}\) for DAC0808. (a) 10011001 (b) 11001100 (c) 11101110 (d) 00100010 (e) 00001001 (f) 10001000