Chapter 1

Classify the following as chemical or physical properties: (a) the color of copper(II) sulfate is blue; (b) the melting point of sodium metal is \(97.8^{\circ} \mathrm{C}_{i}\) (c) iron rusts in arcas with high humidity.

A chemist investigates the boiling point, melting point, and flammability of acetone, a component of fingernail polish remover. Which of these propertics are physical propertics and which are chemical properties?

Identify all the physical propertics and changes in the statement "The temperature of the land is an important factor for the ripening of oranges, hecause it affects the cvaporation of water and the humidity of the surrounding air."

Identify all the chemical properties and changes in the starement "Copper is a red-brown element obtaincd from copper sulfide ores by heating in air, which forms copper oxide. Heating the copper oxide with carbon produces impure copper, which is purified by electrolysis."

State whether the following are extensive or intensive propertiess (a) the color of copper sulfate; (b) the temperature of boiling liquid oxygen (LOX); (c) the cost of platinum metal; (d) the encrgy content of a beaker of water.

State which of the following propertics are extensive and which are intensive: (a) the cost of gasoline; (b) the humidity of the atmosphere; (c) the air prossure in a tire; (d) the hardness of concrefe.

When a picce of metal of mass \(3.60 \mathrm{~g}\) is dropped into a graduated cylinder containing \(8.3 \mathrm{~mL}\) of water, the warer level rises to \(9.8 \mathrm{~mL}\). What is the density of the metal (in grams per cubic centimeter)?

When a piece of metal of mass \(5.21 \mathrm{~g}\) is dropped into a graduated cylinder containing, \(16.7 \mathrm{ml}\). of watcr, the water level rises to \(18.2 \mathrm{mt}\). What is the density of the metal (in grams per cubic centinucter)?

The densiry of diamond is \(3.51 \mathrm{~g} \cdot \mathrm{cm}^{-3}\). The international (hut non-SI) unit for weighing diamonds is the "carat," with 1 carat \(=200 \mathrm{mg}\). What is the volume of a \(0.300\)-carat diamond?

What volume (in cm') of lead fof density \(11.3 \mathrm{~g} \times \mathrm{cm}^{-1}\) ) has the same mass as \(100 \mathrm{~cm}^{\prime}\) of a piece of redwood (of density \(\left.0.38 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~cm}^{-1}\right)\) ?

The maximum ground speed of a chicken is \(14 \mathrm{~km} \cdot \mathrm{h}^{-1}\). Calculate the kinctic energy of a chicken of mass \(4.2 \mathrm{~kg}\) crossing a road at its maximum speed.

Mars orbits the \(5 u n\) at \(25 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}^{-1}\). A spuceship attempting to land on Mars must match its orbital speed. If the mass of the spaceship is \(2.5 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~kg}\), what is its kinetic energy when its speed has matched that of Mars?