Chapter 27

Calculate creatinine clearance, given the following information: serum creatinine, \(1.2 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\); urine creatinine, \(120 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\); urine volume, 1,750 \(\mathrm{mL} / 24 \mathrm{~h}\); body surface area, \(1.80 \mathrm{~m}^{2}\).

Predict GFR in a 50-year-old woman who weighs \(60 \mathrm{~kg}\) using the CockcroftGault equation. Her serum creatinine level is \(2.5 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\).

The measurement of serum cystatin C, a small protein produced by nucleated cells, is useful for a. Detecting an early decrease in kidney function b. Calculating creatinine clearance c. Diagnosing end-stage renal disease d. Monitoring dialysis patients

Renal clearance is the a. Volume of plasma from which a substance is removed per unit of time b. Volume of urine produced per day c. Amount of creatinine in urine d. Urine concentration of a substance divided by the urine volume per unit of time

Renin release by the kidney is stimulated by a. A decrease in extracellular fluid volume or pressure b. Increased plasma sodium concentration c. Increased dietary sodium d. Renal tubular reabsorption

The set of results that most accurately reflects severe renal disease is a. Serum creatinine, \(3.7 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} ;\) creatinine clearance, \(44 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min} ;\) BUN, \(88 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\) b. Serum creatinine, \(1.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} ;\) creatinine clearance, \(110 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min} ; \mathrm{BUN}\), \(17 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\) c. Serum creatinine, \(2.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\); creatinine clearance, \(120 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min}\), BUN, \(14 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\) d. Serum creatinine, \(1.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL} ;\) creatinine clearance, \(95 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{min}\); BUN, \(43 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}\)

A patient is suffering from an acute bleed. What is the most accurate way to describe the subsequent acute kidney injury? a. Prerenal acute kidney injury. b. Renal acute kidney injury. c. Postrenal acute kidney injury. d. None of the above apply.