Chapter 17

Angiosperms are different from all other plants because only they have a. a vascular system. b. flowers. c. seeds. d. a dominant sporophyte phase.

Which of the following structures produce eggs and sperm? (Explain your answer.) a. fern sporophytes b. moss gametophytes c. the anthers of a flower d. moss sporangia

The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules, and the ovules then develop into a. seeds. b. spores. c. fruit. d. sporophytes.

The diploid sporophyte stage is dominant in the life cycles of all of the following except a. a pine tree. b. a rose bush. c. a fern. d. a moss.

Which of the following terms includes all the others? a. angiosperm b. gymnosperm c. vascular plant d. fern e. seed plant

Which of the following groups is made up exclusively of fungi that form symbioses with plant roots? a. ascomycetes b. basidiomycetes c. glomeromycetes d. zygomycetes

Compare a seed plant with an alga in terms of adaptations for life on land versus life in the water.

How do animals help flowering plants reproduce? How do the animals benefit?

Truffles (the fungi, not the chocolates) are the reproductive bodies of ascomycetes that form mycorrhizae with certain tree species. They are highly prized by gourmets for the delicious scent they add to food. Because truffles grow underground, they are difficult to find-human noses are not sensitive enough to locate them. Many animals, however, are excellent truffle hunters and eagerly consume the fungi. Why would these fungi produce a scent that attracts fungus-eating animals?

In April 1986 , an accident at a nuclear power plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine, scattered radioactive fallout for hundreds of miles. In assessing the biological effects of the radiation, researchers found mosses to be especially valuable as organisms for monitoring the damage. As mentioned in Module 10.16 , radiation damages organisms by causing mutations. Explain why it is faster to observe the genetic effects of radiation on mosses than on plants from other groups. Imagine that you are conducting tests shortly after a nuclear accident. Using potted moss plants as your experimental organisms, design an experiment to test the hypothesis that the frequency of mutations decreases with the organism's distance from the source of radiation