Chapter 27

A process that cannot produce genetic variation in bacterial populations is (A) transduction. (C) mutation. (B) conjugation. (D) meiosis.

Which of the following statements is true? (A) Archaea and bacteria have identical membrane lipids. (B) The cell walls of archaea lack peptidoglycan. (C) Prokaryotes have low levels of genetic diversity. (D) No archaea are capable of using \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) to oxidize \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\), releasing methane.

Which of the following involves metabolic cooperation among prokaryotic cells? (A) binary fission (C) biofilms (B) endospore formation (D) photoautotrophy

Which of the following describes a bacterium that lives in the human intestine and causes disease? (A) commensalist (C) gut mutualist (B) decomposer (D) symbiotic pathogen

Photosynthesis that releases \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) occurs in (A) cyanobacteria. (C) gram-positive bacteria. (B) archaea. (D) chemoautotrophic bacteria.

In patients with nonresistant strains of the tuberculosis bacterium, antibiotics can relieve symptoms in a few weeks. However, it takes much longer to halt the infection, and patients may discontinue treatment while bacteria are still present. Explain how this could result in the evolution of drug- resistant pathogens.