Chapter 12

Why was the evolution of cyanobacteria of such importance to the further evolution of life on Earth? What component of the geological record is used to date the evolution of cyanobacteria? (Section 12.2)

What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts? What evidence supports this hypothesis? (Section 12.3)

What is evolution? What processes give rise to genetic variation? What processes can cause allele frequencies to change over time? (Section 12.6)

What major phenotypic and genotypic properties are used to classify organisms in hacterial taxonomy? (Sections \(12.8\) and 12.9)