Chapter 5

A cat eats a bird, which ate a caterpillar that chewed on a weed. Which organisms are autotrophs? Heterotrophs?

Photosynthetic autotrophs use __________ from the air as a carbon source and __________ as their energy source.

Light-dependent reactions in plants occur in the a. thylakoid membrane b. plasma membrane c. stroma d. cytoplasm

In the light-dependent reactions, __________. a. carbon dioxide is fixed b. ATP forms c. \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) accepts electrons d. sugars form

What accumulates inside the thylakoid compartment during the light-dependent reactions? glucose a. glucose b. RuBP c. hydrogen ions d. \(C O_{2}\)

Light-independent reactions proceed in the _________ . a. cytoplasm b. plasma membrane c. stroma

The Calvin-Benson cycle starts when __________. a. light is available b. carbon dioxide is attached to RuBP c. electrons leave a photosystem

After photosynthesis evolved, its by-product, _________, accumulated and changed the atmosphere.

Glycolysis starts and ends in the _________. a. nucleus b. mitochondrion c. plasma membrane d. cytoplasm

In eukaryotes, aerobic respiration is completed in the _________. a. nucleus b. mitochondrion c. plasma membrane d. cytoplasm

In eukaryotes, fermentation is completed in the _________. a. nucleus b. mitochondrion c. plasma membrane d. cytoplasm

In the third stage of aerobic respiration, __________ is the final acceptor of electrons from glucose. a. water b. hydrogen c. oxygen d. NADH

Match the event with its most suitable description. ______ glycolysis ______ fermentation ______ Krebs cycle ______ electron transfer phosphorylation ______ \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixation a. ATP, NADH, FADH \(_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) form b. glucose to two pyruvates c. \(\mathrm{NAD}^{+}\) regenerated, little ATP d. \(H^{+}\) flows through ATP synthases e. rubisco function