Chapter 7

_______ is an example of reproductive cloning. a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancy c. Artificial embryo splitting

RNAs form by_______ proteins form by_______. a. replication; translation b. translation; transcription c. transcription; translation d. replication; transcription

Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA? a. adenine b. guanine c. glutamine d. thymine e. cytosine

What are the base-pairing rules for DNA? a. \(A-G, T-C\) b. \(\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{T}-\mathrm{G}\) c. \(A-T, G-C\) d. \(\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{G}-\mathrm{G}, \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{T}-\mathrm{T}\)

Similarities in _____ are the basis of similarities in traits. a. karyotype b. DNA sequence c. the double helix d. chromosome number

Translation takes place in the ________ of all cells. a. nucleus b. plasma membrane c. cytoplasm d. a and c are correct

In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA wraps around _______ a. histone proteins b. sister chromatids c. centromeres d. nucleotides

Chromosome number ______ a. refers to a particular chromosome in a cell b. is a characteristic of a species c. is the number of autosomes in cells of a given type d. is the same in all species

__________ are mutations. a. Transposable elements b. Base-pair substitutions c. Insertions d. Deletions e. b, c, and d are correct f. all of the above

When DNA replication begins, ____. a. the two DNA strands separate b. the two DNA strands condense for base transfers c. old strands move to find new strands d. mutations occur

Which of the following is (are) not required for DNA replication to occur? a. DNA polymerase b. nucleotides c. primers d. all are required

A duplicated eukaryotic chromosome takes on an "X" shape when _____. a. sister chromatids condense b. the DNA breaks c. DNA replication is occurring

Which of the following is incorrect? a. Smoking can lead to mutations because chemicals in tobacco bind to nucleotide bases. b. Differences in nucleotide bases are the basis of variation in traits. c. Chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell are packed most tightly when the cell is dividing.

True or false? Some gene expression patterns are heritable.

Match each term with the most suitable description. ________methylation ________DNA sequence ________ribosome ________mRNA ________genetic code ________differentiation ________transposable element a. cells become specialized b. gets around c. may cause epigenetic effects d. linear order of nucleotides e. assembles amino acids f. set of 64 codons g. translated to protein