Chapter 7

A chromosome contains many genes that are transcribed into different _____________. a. proteins b. polypeptides c. RNAs d. a and b

RNAs form by ________ ; proteins form by _______ . a. replication; translation b. translation; transcription c. transcription; translation d. replication; transcription

The main function of a DNA molecule is to ________. a. store heritable information b. carry DNA's genetic message for translation c. form peptide bonds between amino acids d. carry amino acids to ribosomes

The main function of an mRNA molecule is to _________. a. store heritable information b. carry DNA's genetic message for translation c. form peptide bonds between amino acids d. carry amino acids to ribosomes

Where does transcription take place in a eukaryotic cell? a. nucleus b. ribosome c. cytoplasm d. b and c are correct

Translation takes place in the __________ of all cells. a. nucleus b. plasma membrane c. cytoplasm d. a and c are correct

Up to how many amino acids can be encoded by a gene that consists of 45 nucleotides plus a stop codon?

Most codons specify a(n) __________. a. protein b. polypeptide c. amino acid d. mRNA

_______are mutations. a. Transposable elements b. Base-pair substitutions c. Insertions d. Deletions e. \(b, c,\) and \(d\) are correct f. all of the above

Homeotic gene products ________. a. map out the overall body plan in embryos b. control the formation of specific body parts

A gene that is knocked out is ___________. a. deleted b. inactivated c. expressed d. either a or b

A cell with a Barr body is ___________. a. prokaryotic b. a sex cell c. from a female mammal d. infected by Barr virus

True or false? Some gene expression patterns are heritable.

Match each term with the most suitable description. $$ \text {________methylation} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {a. cells become specialized} $$ $$ \text {________DNA sequence} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {b. gets around} $$ $$ \text {________ribosome} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {c. may cause epigenetic effects} $$ $$ \text {________mRNA} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {d. linear order of nucleotides} $$ $$ \text {________genetic code} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {e. assembles amino acids} $$ $$ \text {________differentiation} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {f. set of 64 codons} $$ $$ \text {________transposable element} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {g. translated to protein} $$

Put the following processes in order of their occurrence during expression of a eukaryotic gene: a. mRNA processing b. translation c. transcription d. RNA leaves nucleus