Chapter 18

The most solar radiation reaches the ground at ___ . a. the equator b. the North Pole c. midlatitudes d. the South Pole

When air is heated, it ____ and can hold _____ water. a. sinks; less b. sinks; more c. rises; less d. rises; more

Most North American ______ has been converted to cropland. a. tundra b. prairie c. desert d. boreal forest

Plants in _____ are adapted to periodic fires. a. deserts b. boreal forests c. tropical rain forestsD d. chaparral

Permafrost underlies ____ . a. savanna b. tundra c. desert d. prairie

The oldest and most productive biome is ____ a. boreal forest b. tundra c. tropical rain forest d. desert

Bacteria and archaea that can obtain energy from minerals are the main producers at _____ . a. hydrothermal vents b. estuaries c. coral reefs d. seamounts

Which would hold more oxygen? a. a fast-moving, cool stream b. a warm pond

Match the biome with the most suitable description. ______tundra ______chaparral ______desert ______prairie ______estuary ______boreal forest ______coral reef ______ tropical rain ______forest a. fresh water and seawater mix b. low humidity, and little rainfall c. North American grassland d. fire-adapted shrubs with tough leaves e. low-growing plants over permafrost f. most extensive biome g. main producers are protists h. broadleaf trees are active all year

An ______ species has population levels so low it is at great risk of extinction in the near future. a. endemic b. endangered c. indicator d. exotic

.An ______ species can be monitored to gauge the health of its environment. a. endemic b. endangered c. indicator d. exotic

The 1930 s environmental disaster known as the Dust Bowl is an example of ____ . a. deforestation b. desertification c. ecological restoration d. species extinction

The ozone layer ____. a. is getting thicker b. helps keep Earth warm c. is near the ground d. screens out UV radiation

Acid rain ____ a. harms aquatic organisms b. kills trees c. is a type of pollution d. all of the above

Biological magnification causes pollutants to be high in ____. a. producers b. aquifers c. predators d. the stratosphere