Chapter 41

Sexual reproduction _____. a. requires formation of gametes by meiosis b. produces offspring identical in their traits c. occurs only in vertebrates d. all of the above

The _____ is a genetic dead end. a. polar body b. oocyte c. ovum d. sperm

The cervix is the entrance to the ____. a. polar body b. oocyte c. ovum d. sperm

During a menstrual cycle, a midcycle surge of _____ from the _____ triggers ovulation. a. estrogen; follicle cells b. progesterone; egg c. \(\mathrm{LH} ;\) pituitary d. FSH; pituitary

The corpus luteum develops from _____ and secretes progesterone that causes the lining of the uterus to thicken. a. follicle cells b. the polar body c. a primary oocyte d. a secondary oocyte

Semen contains secretions from the _____. a. adrenal gland b. pituitary gland c. prostate gland d. corpus luteum

Male germ cells divide by meiosis inside the _____. a. urethra b. seminiferous tubules c. prostate gland d. vasa deferentia

A male attains an erection when _____ . a. muscles running the length of the penis contract b. Leydig cells release a surge of testosterone c. the posterior pituitary releases oxytocin d. spongy tissue inside the penis fills with blood

Binding of a sperm to an oocyte plasma membrane causes the oocyte to _____. a. enter an oviduct b. complete meiosis II c. secrete estrogen d. expel its nucleus

Birth control pills deliver synthetic _____. a. estrogens and progesterone b. LH and FSH c. testosterone d. oxytocin and prostaglandins

Sperm in an epididymis pass next into the _____. a. prostate gland b. urethra c. seminiferous tubules d. vas deferens

Match each disease with the type of organism that causes it. The choices can be used more than once. a. bacteria b. protist c. virus chlamydial infection _____ AIDS _____ syphilis ____ genital warts _____ gonorrhea ____ genital herpes ____ trichomoniasis ____

Match each structure with its description. a. conveys sperm out of body b. secretes semen components c. stores sperm d. produces testosterone e. produces estrogens and progesterone f. usual site of fertilization g. lining of uterus h. fat-padded skin folds i. birth canal testis _____ epididymis _____ labia majora _____ urethra _____ vagina _____ ovary _____ oviduct ____ prostate gland _____ endometrium _____

Match each hormone with its source. a. pituitary gland b. ovaries c. hypothalamus d. testes FSH and LH _____ GnRH _____ estrogens _____ testosterone _____