Chapter 35

An endoskeleton consists of ___________. a. a fluid in an internal space b. hardened plates at the surface of a body c. internal hard parts d. a fluid that surrounds the body

Bones are __________. a. mineral reservoirs c. sites where blood cells b. skeletal muscle's form partners d. all of the above

Bones move when ________ muscles contract. a. cardiac c. smooth b. skeletal d. all of the above

A ligament connects __________. a. bones at a joint c. a muscle to a tendon b. a muscle to a bone d. a tendon to bone

Parathyroid hormone stimulates ___________. a. bone breakdown c. red blood cell formation b. bone deposition d. all of the above

The _____________ attaches to the pelvic girdle. a. radius c. femur b. sternum d. tibia

The ____________ is the basic unit of contraction. a. osteoblast c. twitch b. sarcomere d. myosin filament

8\. In sarcomeres, phosphate-group transfers from ATP activate ____________ . a. actin b. myosin c. troponin d. \(Z\) bands

A sarcomere shortens when ___________. a. thick filaments shorten b. thin filaments shorten c. both thick and thin filaments shorten d. none of the above

Muscle fibers produce ATP by __________. a. aerobic respiration b. lactate fermentation c. creatine phosphate breakdown d. all of the above

Injection of \(C .\) botulimum toxin (Botox) ______________. a. causes irreversible muscle contraction b. prevents ATP formation by a muscle c. prevents release of ACh by motor neurons d. all of the above

A motor unit is ______________. a. a muscle and the bone it moves b. two muscles that work in opposition c. the amount a muscle shortens during contraction d. a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls

__________ from a motor neuron excites a muscle fiber. a. ACh b. GABA c. calcium d. phosphate

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases _____________. a. ACh b. GABA c. calcium d. phosphate

Match the words with their defining feature. ______osteoblast ______myofibrils ______myoglobin ______knee ______actin ______red marrow ______metacarpals ______T tubule______creatine phosphate a. conveys excitatory signal b. all in the hands c. site of blood cell production d. binds myosin e. bone-forming cell f. donates phosphate to ADP g. binds and releases oxygen h. example of a synovial joint i. muscle fiber's threadlike parts