Chapter 29

Which modern gymnosperm groups have swimming sperm, an ancient reproductive trait? a. ginkgos and cycads b. conifers and ginkgos c. gnetophytes and cycads d. conifers and cycads e. gnetophytes and ginkgos

The gymnosperm group having species whose sexual reproduction includes double fertilization (normally an angiosperm feature) is: a. conifers. b. ginkgos. c. cycads d. gnetophytes.

Angiosperms and gymnosperms share which of the following reproductive characteristic(s)? a. pollination b. ovules protected within an ovary c. megaspores and microspores produced by meiosis d. seeds e. dominant sporophyte generation

Which of the following are reproductive features only of angiosperms? a. flowers b. seeds protected by a seed coat c. sperm transfer by way of a growing pollen tube d. development of fruit e. development of embryo-nourishing tissue within seeds

Basal angiosperms include: a. monocots. b. magnoliids. c. the star anise group. d. Amborella. e. eudicots.

Adaptations that correlate with the adaptive success of angiosperms include: a. seeds borne on cones. b. protection of the ovule inside an ovary. c. seed dispersal by way of fruits. d. coevolution with animals that pollinate flowers. e. nourishment of developing embryos by tissues of the female gametophyte.

Working in the field, you discover a fossil of a previously undescribed plant species. The specimen is small and incomplete; the parts you have do not include any floral organs. What sorts of observations would you need in order to classify the fossil as a vascular seed plant with reasonable accuracy? What evidence would you need in order to distinguish between a fossil monocot and eudicot?