Chapter 22

What is meant by "alternation of generations"? What two generations are involved? How does each reproduce?

Discuss the similarities and differences between the reproductive mechanisms of mosses and ferns.

Describe evolutionary trends in the life cycles of plants. Emphasize the relative sizes of the gametophyte and sporophyte.

From which algal group did green plants probably arise? Explain the evidence that supports this hypothesis.

List the structural adaptations necessary for the invasion of dry land by plants. Which of these adaptations are possessed by nonvascular plants? By ferns? By gymnosperms and angiosperms?

The number of species of flowering plants is greater than the number of species in the rest of the plant kingdom combined. What feature(s) are responsible for the enormous success of angiosperms? Explain why.

Differentiate between vascular and nonvascular plants.

Describe the life cycle of the pine.

The majority of all plants are seed plants. What is the advantage of a seed? How do plants that lack seeds meet the needs served by seeds?