Chapter 4

Despite the diversity of cell type and function, all cells have these three things in common: a. cytoplasm, DNA, and organelles with membranes. b. a plasma membrane, DNA, and a nuclear envelope. c. cytoplasm, DNA, and a plasma membrane. d. a cell wall, cytoplasm, and DNA.

Every cell is descended from another cell. This idea is part of _____. a. evolution c. the cell theory b. the theory of heredity d. cell biology

Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells _____. a. have no plasma membrane c. have no nucleus b. have RNA but not DNA d. a and c

The surface-to-volume ratio _____. a. does not apply to prokaryotic cells b. constrains cell size c. is part of the cell theory d. b and c

Cell membranes consist mainly of _____ and _____. a. lipids; carbohydrates b. phospholipids; protein c. lipids; carbohydrates d. phospholipids; ECM

In a lipid bilayer, the _____ of all the lipid molecules are sandwiched between all of the_____. a. hydrophilic tails; hydrophobic heads b. hydrophilic heads; hydrophilic tails c. hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads d. hydrophobic heads; hydrophilic tails

Most of a membrane’s diverse functions are carried out by _____. a. proteins b. phospholipids c. nucleic acids d. hormones

What controls the passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus? a. endoplasmic reticulum, an extension of the nucleus b. nuclear pores, which consist of membrane proteins c. nucleoli, in which ribosome subunits are made

The main function of the endomembrane system is _____. a. building and modifying proteins and lipids b. isolating DNA from toxic substances c. secreting extracellular matrix onto the cell surface d. producing ATP by aerobic respiration

Which of the following statements is correct? a. Ribosomes are only found in bacteria and archaea. b. Some animal cells are prokaryotic. c. Only eukaryotic cells have mitochondria. d. The plasma membrane is the outermost boundary of all cells

1\. Enzymes contained in _____ break down worn-out organelles, bacteria, and other particles. a. lysosomes b. mitochondria c. endoplasmic reticulum d. peroxisomes

Put the following structures in order according to the pathway of a secreted protein: a. plasma membrane b. Golgi bodies c. endoplasmic reticulum d. post-Golgi vesicles

No animal cell has a _____ . a. plasma membrane b. flagellum c. lysosome d. cell wall

_____ connect the cytoplasm of plant cells. a. Plasmodesmata b. Adhering junctions c. Tight junctions d. Adhesion proteins

Match each cell component with its function. _____ mitochondrion _____chloroplast _____ribosome _____nucleus _____cell junction _____flagellum _____cell membrane a. connects cells b. movement c. ATP production d. protects DNA e. protein synthesis f. maintains internal environment g. photosynthesis