Chapter 43

The Northern Hemisphere is most tilted toward the sun in ______. a. spring b. summer c. autumn d. winter

Which latitude will have the most hours of daylight on the summer solstice? a. \(0^{\circ}\) (the equator) b. \(30^{\circ}\) north c. \(45^{\circ}\) north d. \(60^{\circ}\) north

Warm air ______ and it holds ______ water than cold air. a. sinks; less b. rises; less c. sinks; more d. rises; more

A rain shadow is a reduction in rainfall ________. a. on the inland side of a coastal mountain range b. during an El Niño event c. that results from global warming

The Gulf Stream is a current that flows ______ along the eastern coast of the United States. a. north to south b. south to north

_______ have a deep layer of humus-rich topsoil. a. Deserts b. Grasslands c. Rain forests d. Seamounts

Biome distribution depends on _______. a. climate b. elevation c. soils d. all of the above

Grasslands most often are found _______. a. at \(30^{\circ}\) north and south b. at high altitudes c. in interior of continents d. all of the above

Permafrost underlies _______. a. arctic tundra b. alpine tundra c. boreal forest d. all of the above

Warm, still water holds _____ oxygen than cold, fast-flowing water.

Chemoautotrophic bacteria and archaeans are the primary producers for food webs ______. a. in mangrove wetlands b. at seamounts c. on coral reefs d. at hydrothermal vents

Corals rely on symbiotic ______ for sugars. a. fungi b. bacteria c. dinoflagellates d. green algae

What biome borders on boreal forest? a. savanna b. taiga c. tundra d. chaparral

Unrelated species living in geographically separated parts of a biome may resemble one another as a result of ______. a. competitive interactions b. morphological convergence c. morphological divergence d. coevolution

Match the terms with the most suitable description. ______ tundra ______ chaparral _____ desert _____ savanna ______ estuary _____ boreal forest _____ prairiee _____ tropical rain forest _____ hydrothermal vents a. broadleaf forest near equator b. partly enclosed by land; where fresh water and seawater mix c. African grassland with trees d. low-growing plants at high latitudes or elevations e. dry shrubland f. at latitudes \(30^{\circ}\) north and south g. mineral-rich, superheated water supports communities h. conifers dominate i. North American grassland