Chapter 35

Respiratory proteins such as hemoglobin ______. a. contain metal ions b. occur only in vertebrates c. increase the efficiency of oxygen transport d. both a and c

In _____ gas exchange occurs at the body surface and gas is distributed by diffusion alone. a. earthworms b. flatworms c. frogs d. insects

Countercurrent flow of water and blood increases the efficiency of gas exchange in ______. a. fishes b. amphibians c. birds d. all of the above

In human lungs, gas exchange occurs at the ______. a. two bronchi b. pleural sacs c. alveolar sacs d. both b and c

When you breathe quietly, inhalation is ______ and exhalation is ______. a. passive; passive b. active; active c. passive; active d. active; passive

During inhalation ______. a. the thoracic cavity expands b. the diaphragm relaxes c. atmospheric pressure declines

What type of metal associates with hemoglobin?

______ binds to hemoglobin more strongly than oxygen does. a. Carbon dioxide b. Carbon monoxide c. Oxyhemoglobin d. Carbonic anhydrase

Carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells catalyzes formation of bicarbonate from water and ______. a. oxygen b. hemoglobin c. oxyhemoglobin d. carbon dioxide

The hormone erythropoietin causes _____. a. increased heart rate b. deeper breathing c. red blood cell formation d. all of the above

______ in arteries sense changes in the acidity of the blood. a. Mechanoreceptors b. Neurotransmitters c. Photoreceptors d. Chemoreceptors

True or false? Human lungs hold some air even after forced exhalation.

The diaphragm is a ______ muscle. a. smooth b. skeletal c. cardiac

What type of organism causes tuberculosis?

Match the words with their descriptions. ______trachea ______pharynx ______alveolus ______hemoglobin ______bronchus ______bronchiole ______glottis ______diaphragm a. muscle of respiration b. gap between vocal cords c. between bronchi and alveoli d. windpipe e. respiratory protein f. site of gas exchange g. airway leading to lung h. throat