Chapter 24

All chordates have (a) ______. a. backbone b.jaws c. notochord d. both b and c

The lancelet pharynx functions in _____. a. respiration b. filter-feeding c. reproduction d. both a and b

Vertebrate jaws evolved from ______. a. gill supports b. ribs c. scales d. teeth

Lampreys and sharks both have ______. a. jaws b. a bony skeleton c. a cranium d. a swim bladder e. a four-chambered heart f. lungs

A divergence from ______ gave rise to tetrapods. a. ray-finned fishes b. lizards c. cartilaginous fishes d. lobe-finned fishes

Reptiles, including birds, belong to one major lineage of amniotes, and _____ belong to another. a. sharks b. frogs and toads c. mammals d. salamanders

Reptiles are adapted to life on land by ______. a. tough skin b. internal fertilization c. good kidneys d. amniote eggs e. both a and \(c\) f. all of the above

The closest modern relatives of birds are ______. a. crocodilians b. prosimians c. turtles d. lizards

Only birds have ______. a. a cloaca b. a four-chambered heart c. feathers d. amniote eggs

An australopith is a(n) ______. a. craniate b. vertebrate c. hominoid d. amniote e. placental mammal f. all of the above

Homo erectus _____. a. was the earliest member of the genus Homo b. was one of the australopiths c. evolved in Africa and dispersed to many regions d. disappeared as the result of an asteroid impact

True or false? Primates are endotherms

Match the organisms with the appropriate description. ______ lancelets _____ fishes _____ amphibians _____ primates _____ birds _____ monotremes _____ marsupials _____ placental mammals _____ hominids a. pouched mammals b. invertebrate chordates c. feathered amniotes d. egg-laying mammals e. humans and close relatives f. have grasping hands with nails g. first land tetrapods h. most diverse mammal lineage i. most diverse vertebrates