Chapter 10

The expression of a gene may depend on __________. a. the type of organism b. environmental conditions c. the type of cell d. all of the above

Gene expression in multicelled eukaryotic cells changes in response to ___________. a. conditions outside the cell b. master gene products c. operons d. a and b

Binding of ___________ to ___________ in DNA can increase the rate of transcription of specific genes. a. activators; promoters b. activators; enhancers c. repressors; operators d. both a and b

Proteins that influence gene expression by binding to DNA are called ___________.

Polytene chromosomes form in some types of cells that __________ . a. have a lot of chromosomes b. are making a lot of protein c. are differentiating d. \(b\) and \(c\) are correct

Eukaryotic gene controls govern __________. a. transcription b. RNA processing c. RNA transport d. mRNA degradation e. translation f. protein modification g. a through e h. all of the above

Controls over eukaryotic gene expression guide ___________. a. natural selection b. nutrient availability c. development d. all of the above

Cell differentiation __________. a. occurs in all complex multicelled organisms b. requires unique genes in different cells c. involves selective gene expression d. both a and c e. all of the above

A cell with a Barr body is __________. a. a bacterium b. a sex cell c. from a female mammal d. infected by Barr virus

Homeotic gene products __________. a. flank a bacterial operon b. map out the overall body plan in embryos c. control the formation of specific body parts

A gene that is knocked out is __________. a. deleted b. inactivated c. expressed d. either a or b

A promoter and a set of operators that control access to two or more genes is a(n) __________. a. lactose molecule b. operon c. dosage compensator d. knockout

Match the terms with the most suitable description. __________ \(A B C\) genes __________ XIST gene __________ operator __________ Barr body __________ differentiation __________ methylation a. a big RNA is its product b. binding site for repressor c. cells become specialized d. \(-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) additions to DNA e. inactivated X chromosome f. guide flower development