Chapter 39

Sexual reproduction _____. a. requires internal fertilization b. produces offspring that vary in their traits c. is more efficient than asexual reproduction d. puts all of a parent's genes in each offspring

The typical end product of cleavage is a _____. a. zygote b. blastula c. gastrula d. gamete

Cells differentiate as a direct result of _____. a. selective gene expression b. morphogenesis c. gastrulation d. all of the above

_____ help bring about morphogenesis. a. Cell migrations b. Changes in cell shape c. Cell suicide d. all of the above

Match each term with the most suitable description. a. blastomeres form b. cellular rearrangements form primary tissues c. eggs and sperm form d. sperm and egg nuclei fuse e. cells migrate, change shape, commit suicide f. tissues, organs emerge in right order, in right places gamete formation _____ fertilization _____ cleavage _____ gastrulation _____ pattern formation _____ morphogenesis processes _____

Testosterone is secreted by the _____. a. testes b. hypothalamus c. prostate gland d. all of the above

During a menstrual cycle, a midcycle surge of ______ triggers ovulation. a. estrogens b. progesterone c. LH d. FSH

The corpus luteum forms from the _____. a. first polar body b. follicle cells c. secondary oocyte d. zona pellucida

A _____ implants in the lining of the human uterus. a. zygote b. gastrula c. blastocyst d. fetus

The _____ , a fluid-filled sac, surrounds and protects an embryo and keeps it from drying out. a. yolk sac b. allantois c. amnion d. chorion

At full term, a placenta _____. a. is composed of extraembryonic membranes alone b. directly connects maternal and fetal blood vessels c. keeps maternal and fetal blood vessels separated

During the second trimester of pregnancy, _____. a. gastrulation begins b. heartbeats start c. eyes open d. all of the above

_____ stimulates milk synthesis in mammary glands. a. FSH b. Prolactin c. Testosterone d. Oxytocin

Match each term with the most suitable description. a. maternal and fetal tissues b. stores mature sperm c. secretes LH and FSH d. produces testosterone e. produces estrogens and progesterone f. usual site of fertilization g. lining of uterus h. entrance to uterus i. birth canal testis _____ anterior pituitary _____ cervix _____ placenta _____ vagina _____ ovary _____ oviduct _____ epididymis _____ endometrium _____