Chapter 38

A freshwater fish gains most of its water by ___. a. drinking b. eating food c. osmosis d. transport across the gills

Bowman's capsule, the start of the tubular part of a nephron, is located in the ___. a. renal cortex b. renal medulla c. renal pelvis d. renal artery

Fluid filtered into Bowman's capsule flows directly into the ___. a. renal artery b. proximal tubule c. distal tubule d. loop of Henle

Water and small solutes from blood enter nephrons during ___. a. filtration b. tubular reabsorption c. tubular secretion d. both a and c

Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes back to blood by way of ___. a. filtration b. tubular reabsorption c. tubular secretion d. both a and b

ADH binds to receptors on distal tubules and collecting ducts making them ___ permeable to ___. a. more; water b. less; water c. more; sodium d. less; sodium

Increased sodium reabsorption at distal tubules ___. a. will make urine more concentrated b. will make urine more dilute c. is stimulated by ADH and aldosterone d. both a and c

Match each structure with a function. $$ \text { ureter } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { a. start of nephron } $$ $$ \text { Bowman's capsule } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { b. delivers urine to body surface } $$ $$ \text { urethra } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { c. carries urine from kidney to bladder } $$ $$ \text { collecting duct } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { d. secretes ADH } $$ $$ \text { pituitary gland } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { e. target of aldosterone } $$

The main control center for maintaining the temperature of the mammalian body is in the ___. a. anterior pituitary c. adrenal gland b. renal cortèx d. hypothalamus

Negative feedback loops that maintain a mammal's core temperature involve ___. a. the hypothalamus c. receptors in deep tissue b. receptors in skin d. all of the above

Match each term with the most suitable description. $$ \text { endotherm } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { a. environment dictates core temperature } $$ $$ \text { ectotherm } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { b. metabolism dictates core temperature } $$ $$ \text { convection } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { c. heat transfer between objects that are in direct contact } $$ $$ \text { conduction } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { d. water, air current transfers heat } $$ $$ \text { thermal radiation } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { e. emission of radiant energy } $$