Chapter 24

All chordates have (a) ___ a. backbone b.jaws c. notochord d. both b and c

The lancelet pharynx functions in ___. a. respiration b. filter-feeding c. reproduction d. both a and b

Vertebrate jaws evolved from ___. a. gill supports b. ribs c. scales d. teeth

A divergence from ____ gave rise to tetrapods. a. ray-finned fishes b. lizards c. cartilaginous fishes d. lobe-finned fishes

Reptiles and birds belong to one major lineage of amniotes, and ___belong to another. a. sharks b. frogs and toads c. mammals d. salamanders

Reptiles are adapted to life on land by ___. a. tough skin b. internal fertilization c. good kidneys d. amniote eggs e. both a and \(c\) f. all of the above

The closest modern relatives of birds are ___. a. crocodilians c. prosimians b. tuataras d. lizards

Only birds have____. a. a cloaca b. a four-chambered heart c. feathers d. amniote eggs

An australopith is a __. a. craniate b. vertebrate c. hominoid d. amniote e. placental mammal f. all of the above

Homo erectus ____. a. was the earliest member of the genus Homo b. was one of the australopiths c. evolved in Africa and dispersed to many regions d. disappeared as the result of an asteroid impact

Match the organisms with the appropriate description. $$ \text { lancelets } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { a. pouched mammals } $$ $$ \text { fishes } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { b. invertebrate chordates } $$ $$ \text { amphibians } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { c. feathered amniotes } $$ $$ \text { reptiles } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { d.egg-laying mammals } $$ $$ \text { birds } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { e. humans and close relatives } $$ $$ \text { monotremes } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { f. cold-blooded amniotes } $$ $$ \text { marsupials } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { g. first land tetrapods } $$ $$ \text { placental mammals } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { h. most successful mammal lineage } $$ $$ \text { hominids } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { i. most diverse vertebrates } $$