Chapter 2

Electrons carry a _____ charge. a. positive b. negative c. zero

A(n) ______ is a molecule into which a radioisotope has been incorporated. a. ion b. isotope c. element d. tracer

An ion is an atom that has ______ an electron. a. gained b. \(\operatorname{lost}\) c. hydrogen-bonded d. a or b

The mutual attraction of opposite charges holds atoms together as molecules in a(n) _____ bond. a. ionic b. hydrogen c. polar covalent d. nonpolar covalent

Atoms share electrons unequally in a(n) _____ bond. a. ionic b. hydrogen c. polar covalent d. nonpolar covalent

In a hydrogen bond, a covalently bound hydrogen atom weakly attracts an _____ in a different molecule or a different region of the same molecule. a. ion b. electronegative atom

Liquid water has _____. a. polarity b. a profusion of hydrogen bonds c. cohesion d. resistance to increases in temperature e. b through d f. all of the above

Hydrogen ions \(\left(\mathrm{H}^{+}\right)\) are _____. a. indicated by a pH scale b. unbound protons c. dissolved in blood d. all of the above

When dissolved in water, a(n) _____ donates \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) and \(a(n)\) _____ accepts \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\).

\(A(n)\)_____ is a dynamic chemical partnership between a weak acid or base and its salt. a. ionic bond b. solute c. buffer system d. solvent

Match the terms with their most suitable description. a. components of atomic nucleus b. two atoms sharing electrons c. any polar molecule that readily dissolves in water d. releases ions other than \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}\) when dissolved in water e. makes up less than 0.01 percent of the body's weight trace element _____ salt _____ covalent bond _____ hydrophilic substance _____ protons, neutrons _____