Chapter 23

All chordates have ___________. a. a backbone c. jaws b. a notochord d. both b and c

Vertebrate gills function in ___________. a. respiration d. water regulation b. blood circulation e. both a and \(c\) c. food trapping

Amphibians are descended from ___________ . a. bony fishes c. cartilaginous fishes b. lizards d. lobe-finned fishes

Which of the following is an amniote? a. a shark c. a turtle b. a toad d. a sea squirt

Reptiles are adapted to life on land by __________. a. tough skin d. amniote eggs b. internal fertilization e. none of the above c. good kidneys f. all of the above

__________ are the closest living relatives of birds. a. Crocodilians c. Prosimians b. Tuataras d. Lizards

Only birds have ___________. a. a cloaca c. feathers b. a four-chambered heart d.all of the above

A chimpanzee is a ___________ . a. craniate d. amniote b. vertebrate e. placental mammal c. hominoid f. all of the above

Homo erectus _____________. a. was the earliest member of the genus Homo b. was one of the australopiths c. evolved in Africa and spread to diverse regions d. was the first to make stone tools

Match the organisms with the appropriate description. ____fishes ____amphibians ____reptiles ____birds ____monotremes ____marsupials ____hominids a. first land tetrapods b. feathered amniotes c. egg-laying mammals d. humans and close relatives e. cold-blooded amniotes f. pouched mammals g. most diverse vertebrates