Chapter 14

The expression of a given gene depends on the ________________. a. type of cell and its functions b. chemical conditions c. environmental signals d. all of the above

Hormones may ____________ gene transcription in target cells a. promote b. inhibit c. participate in d. both a and b

Eukaryotic genes guide ____________. a. fast short-term activities b. overall growth c. development d. all of the above

Gene expression adjusts in response to changing ______________. a. nutrient availability b. solute concentrations c. signals from other cells d. all of the above

Cell differentiation ___________. a. occurs in all complex multicelled organisms b. requires unique genes in different cells c. involves selective gene expression d. both a and c e. all of the above

Regulatory proteins interact with ______________. a. DNA b. RNA c. gene products d. all of the above

An operon typically governs __________. a. bacterial genes b. eukaryotic genes c. genes of all types d. DNA replication

In prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells, a(n) _____________ is a type of base sequence that precedes genes of an operon. a. lactose molecule b. promoter c. operator d. both b and c

A nucleotide sequence that signals the start of a gene is a\((n)\) _________. a. promoter b. operator c. enhancer d. activator

Eukaryotic cells in complex organisms regulate gene expression by controlling different processes in ______________. a. transcription b. RNA processing c. translation d. RNA transport e. mRNA degradation f. protein activity g. a and d h. all of the above

X chromosome inactivation ________________. a. is dosage compensation b. balances gene expression c. makes calico cats d. both a and b

Homeotic genes _______________. a. are part of a bacterial operon b. control eukaryotic body plans c. control \(X\) chromosome inactivation d. both a and c

A cell with a Barr body is _____________. a. prokaryotic b. from a male mammal c. from a female mammal d. infected by the Barr virus

Match the terms with the most suitable description. __________ homeotic gene __________ operator __________ proto-oncogene __________ differentiation __________ Barr body a. binding site for repressor b. specialization during development c. inactivated \(X\) chromosome d. can cause cancer e. body plan development