Chapter 5

Which of the following statements is not correct? a. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. b. Energy cannot change from one form to another. c. Energy tends to disperse spontaneously d. Energy can be transferred.

_________ is life's primary source of energy. a. Food b. Water c. Sunlight d. ATP

Entropy ________. a. tends to disperse b. is a measure of disorder c. tends to decrease, overall d. is free energy

In an endergonic reaction, activation energy is a bit like ________ . a. a burst of speed b. coasting downhill c. an energy hill d. putting on the brakes

_______ are always changed by participating in a reaction. a. Enzymes b. Cofactors c. Reactants d. Coenzymes

Name one environmental factor that typically influences enzyme function.

A metabolic pathway _______ . a. may build or break down molecules b. generates heat c. can include redox reactions d. all of the above

Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. Some metabolic pathways are cyclic. b. Glucose can diffuse directly through a lipid bilayer. c. Feedback inhibition regulates some metabolic pathways. d. All coenzymes are cofactors. e. Osmosis is a type of diffusion.

A molecule that donates electrons becomes ________, and the one that accepts the electrons becomes ______ . a. reduced; oxidized b. ionic; electrified c. oxidized; reduced d. electrified; ionic

Solutes tend to diffuse from a region where they are ________ (more/less) concentrated to an adjacent region where they are ________ (more/less) concentrated.

A transport protein requires ATP to pump sodium ions across a membrane. This is a case of ______ . a. passive transport b. active transport c. osmosis d. facilitated diffusion

Immerse a human blood cell in a hypotonic solution, and water ________ . a. diffuses into the cell b. diffuses out of the cell c. shows no net movement d. moves in by endocytosis

Match each term with its most suitable description. ______reactant ______phagocytosis ______first law of thermodynamics ______product ______cofactor ______concentration gradient ______passive transport ______active transport ______electron transfer chain ______cyclic pathway ______turgor a. assists enzymes b. forms at reaction's end c. energy cannot be created or destroyed d. cell eats cell e. enters a reaction f. requires energy input g. influences diffusion h. no energy input required i. internal pressure j. goes in circles k. series of redox reactions