Chapter 43

The Northern Hemisphere is most tilted toward the sun in ________. a. spring b. summer \(c .\) autumn d. winter

Which latitude will have the most hours of daylight on the summer solstice? a. \(0^{\circ}\) (the equator) b. \(30^{\circ}\) north c. \(45^{\circ}\) north d. \(60^{\circ}\) north

Warm air________ and it holds ________water than cold air. a. sinks; less b. rises; less c. sinks; more d. rises; more

A rain shadow is a reduction in rainfall________. a. on the inland side of a coastal mountain range b. during an El Niño event \(c\) that results from global warming

The presence of the Gulf Stream________ areas along the eastern coast of the United States. a. warms b. cools

________have a deep layer of humus-rich topsoil. a. Deserts b. Grasslands c. Rain forests d. Seamounts

Biomes differ in their ________. a. climate b. dominant plants c. soils d. all of the above

Grasslands most often are found ________. a. near the equator b. at high altitudes c. in the interior of continents d. in rain shadows

Permafrost is part of the soil in ________. a. arctic tundra b. temperate forest c. boreal forest d. grasslands

The warmer water is, the ________ oxygen it can hold. a. more b. less

Chemoautotrophic bacteria and archaea are the primary producers for food webs________. a. in mangrove wetlands b. at seamounts c. on coral reefs d. at hydrothermal vents

Corals rely on symbiotic ________ for sugars. a. fungi b. bacteria c. dinoflagellates d. green algae

Which of the following biomes borders on boreal forest? a. savanna b. taiga \(c,\) tundra d. chaparral

Unrelated species living in geographically separated parts of a biome may resemble one another as a result of ________. a. competitive interactions b. morphological convergence c. morphological divergence d. coevolution

Match the terms with the most suitable description. ________tundra ________chaparral ________desert ________savanna ________estuary ________boreal forest ________pelagic province ________tropical rain forest ________hydrothermal vents a. broadleaf forest near equator b. partly enclosed by land; where fresh water and seawater mix c. African grassland with trees d. low-growing plants at high latitudes or elevations e. dry shrubland f. at latitudes \(30^{\circ}\) north and south g. mineral-rich, superheated water supports communities h. conifers dominate i. deep ocean