Chapter 35

Respiratory proteins such as hemoglobin _____________ . a. contain metal ions b. occur only in vertebrates c. permanently bind oxygen d. strengthen the walls of lung cells

In _____________ , gas exchange occurs at the body surface and gas is distributed by diffusion alone. a. earthworms b. flatworms c. frogs d. insects

Counter current flow of water and blood increases the efficiency of gas exchange in ____________ a. fishes b. amphibians c. birds d. all of the above

In human lungs, gas exchange occurs at the _______________ . a. two bronchi b. pleural sacs c. alveoli d. trachea

When you breathe quietly, inhalation is _________ and exhalation is _____________ a. passive; passive b. active; active c. passive; active d. active; passive

During inhalation, _______. a. the thoracic cavity expands b. the diaphragm relaxes c. atmospheric pressure declines d. the lungs deflate

What type of metal associates with hemoglobin?

_____________ binds to hemoglobin more strongly than \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) does. a. Carbon dioxide b. Carbon monoxide c. Oxyhemoglobin d. Carbonic anhydrase

Carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells catalyzes formation of bicarbonate from water and ____________ a. oxygen b. hemoglobin c. oxyhemoglobin d. carbon dioxide

The medulla oblongata a. produces hemoglobin b. is in the forebrain c. regulates breathing rate d. detects carbon monoxide

___________ in some arteries detect changes in the \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) concentration of the blood. a. Mechanoreceptors b. Neurotransmitters c. Photoreceptors d. Chemoreceptors

True or false? Human lungs hold some air even after forced exhalation.

Vital capacity measures the amount of ___________. a. air moved in a breath b. hemoglobin in red cells c. \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) in blood d. blood flow to the lungs

What type of organism causes tuberculosis? a. Bacteria c. Fungi b. Viruses d. Worms

Match the structures with their descriptions. a. muscle of respiration b. gap between vocal cords c. between bronchi and alveoli d. windpipe e. site of gas exchange f. airway leading to lung trachea diaphragm alveolus bronchus bronchiole glottiss