Chapter 3

Organic molecules consist mainly of __________ atoms. a. carbon b. carbon and oxygen c. carbon and hydrogen d. carbon and nitrogen

Each carbon atom can bond with as many as ___________ other \(\operatorname{atom}(s)\)

__________ is a simple sugar (a monosaccharide). a. Ribose b. Sucrose c. Starch d. all are monosaccharides

Unlike saturated fats, the fatty acid tails of unsaturated fats incorporate one or more __________. a. phosphate groups b. glycerols c. double bonds d. single bonds

Steroids are among the lipids with no __________. a. double bonds b. fatty acid tails c. hydrogens d. carbons

Which of the following is a class of molecules that encompasses all of the other molecules listed? a. triglycerides b. fatty acids c. waxes d. steroids e. lipids f. phospholipids

__________ are to proteins as __________ are to nucleic acids. a. Sugars; lipids b. Sugars; proteins c. Amino acids; hydrogen bonds d. Amino acids; nucleotides

A denatured protein has lost its __________. a. hydrogen bonds b. shape c. function d. all of the above

A __________ is an example of protein secondary structure. a. barrel b. polypeptide c. domain d. helix

In the following list, identify the carbohydrate, the fatty acid, the amino acid, and the polypeptide: a. methionine-valine-proline-leucine-serine b. \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) c. \(\mathrm{NH}_{2}-\mathrm{CHR}-\mathrm{COOH}\) d. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{16} \mathrm{COOH}\)

Match the molecules with the best description. __________wax __________starch __________triglyceride __________sucrose __________glycogen a. sugar storage in plants b. richest energy source c. water-repellent secretions d. animal muscle energy source e. a disaccharide

Match each polymer with the components. __________ protein __________ phospholipid __________ glycoprotein __________ triglyceride __________ nucleic acid __________ lipoprotein __________ cellulose a. phosphate, fatty acids b. amino acids, sugars c. glycerol, fatty acids d. nucleotides e. glucose only f. lipids, amino acids g. amino acids