Chapter 26

The main source(s) of hydrogen and oxygen for plants is (are) ____________ . a. soil and air b. water and soil c. water and fertilizer d. water and air

Decomposing matter in soil is called ___________ . a. clay b. humus c. silt d. sand

Most water moves from soil to vascular cylinder ___________ . a. through root hairs b. between root cells c. through root cell walls d. in xylem

A ____________ strip between abutting endodermal cell walls forces water and solutes to move through these cells rather than around them. a. cutin b. Casparian \(c\) cohesion d. cellulose

The nutrition of some plants is enhanced by a mutually beneficial association between a root and a fungus. The association is known as a ___________ . a. root nodule b. mycorrhiza c. root hair d. hypha

Water evaporation from plant parts is called ____________ . a. translocation b. respiration c. transpiration d. tension

Water transport from roots to leaves occurs by ___________ . a. a pressure gradient inside sieve tubes b. different solutes at source and sink regions c. the pumping force of xylem vessels d. transpiration, tension, and cohesion of water

Tracheids are part of __________. a. cortex b. mesophyll c. phloem d. xylem

Sieve tubes are part of _______ . a. cortex b. mesophyll c. phloem d. xylem

When stomata are open, a waterproof cuticle ___________ . a. minimizes water loss through plant surfaces b. inhibits gas exchange between the plant and the air c. allows translocation to occur

When guard cells swell, __________ . a. transpiration ceases b. sugars enter phloem c. stomata open d. root cells die

In phloem, organic compounds flow through ________. a. collenchyma cells b. sieve elements c. vessels d. tracheids

Sugar transport from leaves to roots occurs by _______________ . a. a pressure gradient inside sieve tubes b. different solutes at source and sink regions c. the pumping force of xylem vessels d. transpiration, tension, and cohesion of water

Match the concepts of plant nutrition and transport. a. end of a vessel element b. takes up soil water and nutrients c. required element d. cohesion in xylem tubes e. sugars unloaded from sieve tubes f. distributes sugars g. separates cells in phloem tubes h. distributes water i. balance water loss with gas exchange stomata nutrient \(\sin k\) root system sieve plate xylem phloem perforation plate hydrogen bonds