Chapter 14

Constructing a family pedigree is particularly useful when studying inheritance patterns in organisms that _________. a. produce many offspring per generation b. produce few offspring per generation c. have a small chromosome number d. reproduce asexually e. have a fast life cycle

Pedigree analysis is necessary when studying human inheritance patterns because __________. a. humans have more than 20,000 genes b. there are ethical issues with human experimentation c. human genes are more complicated than genes of other organisms d. genetic disorders occur in humans

A recognized set of symptoms that characterize a genetic disorder is a(n) __________. a. syndrome b. disease c. abnormality

True or false? All traits are inherited in a Mendelian pattern.

One parent is heterozygous for an allele inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern; the other parent does not carry the allele. Any child of these two parents has a _________ chance of having the trait associated with the allele. a. 25 percent b. 50 percent c. 75 percent d. 100 percent

A trait that is present in a male child but not in either of his parents is characteristic of __________ inheritance. a. autosomal dominant b. autosomal recessive c. X-linked recessive d. It is not possible to answer this question without more information.

Color blindness is a case of __________ inheritance. a. autosomal dominant b. autosomal recessive c. X-linked dominant d. X-linked recessive

A female child inherits one \(\mathrm{X}\) chromosome from her mother and one from her father. What sex chromosome does a male child inherit from each of his parents?

Alleles for Tay-Sachs disease are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Why would two parents with a normal phenotype have a child with Tay-Sachs? a. Both parents are homozygous for a Tay-Sachs allele b. Both parents are heterozygous for a Tay-Sachs allele. c. New mutations gave rise to Tay-Sachs in the child. d. b or \(c\)

The SRY gene gives rise to the male phenotype in humans (Sections 10.3 and 14.4 ). What do you think the inheritance pattern of \(S R Y\) alleles is called?

True or false? Transposable elements are common in the DNA of all species.

Nondisjunction may occur during _________. a. mitosis b. meiosis c. mitosis and meiosis d. fertilization

Nondisjunction at meiosis can result in _________. a. base-pair substitutions b. aneuploidy c. crossing over d. pleiotropy

Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) can be easily diagnosed by __________. a. pedigree analysis b. aneuploidy c. karyotyping d. phenotypic treatment

Match the chromosome terms appropriately. ___________ polyploid ___________ deletion ___________ aneuploidy ___________ translocation ___________ syndrome transposable ___________ element ___________ X-linked a. symptoms of a genetic disorder b. chromosomal mashup c. extra sets of chromosomes d. gets around e. a chromosome segment lost f. one extra chromosome g. allele on the X chromosome