Chapter 13

A heterozygous individual has _______ for a trait being studied. a. the same allele on both homologous chromosomes b. two different alleles of a gene c. a haploid condition, in genetic terms

An organism's observable traits constitute its _______ a. phenotype b. variation c. genotype d. pedigree

In genetics, F stands for filial, which means _______ a. friendly b. offspring c. final d. hairlike

The offspring of the cross \(A A \times\) aa are _______ a. all \(A A\) b. all aa c. all \(A a\) d. half are \(A A\) and half are aa

The second-generation offspring of a cross between individuals who are homozygous for different alleles of a gene are called the _______ a. \(F_{1}\) generation b. \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generation c. hybrid generation d. none of the above

Independent assortment means _______ a. alleles at one locus assort into different gametes b. alleles at different loci tend to assort into gametes independently of each other

A testcross is a way to determine _______ a. phenotype b. genotype c. both a and b

Assuming complete dominance, crosses between two dihybrid \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) pea plants, which are offspring from a cross \(A A B B \times\) aabb, result in \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) phenotype ratios of _______ a. 1: 2: 1 b. 3: 1 c. 1: 1: 1: 1 d. 9: 3: 3: 1

The probability of a crossover occurring between two genes on the same chromosome _______ a. is unrelated to the distance between them b. decreases with the distance between them c. increases with the distance between them

True or false? All traits are inherited in a Mendelian pattern.

One gene that affects three traits is an example of _______ a. dominance b. codominance c. pleiotropy d. epistasis

_______ in a trait is indicated by a bell curve.

The phenotype of individuals heterozygous for _______ alleles comprises both homozygous phenotypes. a. epist b. codominant c. pleiotropic d. hybrid

Match the terms with the best description. $$ \text {dihybrid cross } \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { a. \(b b\)} $$ $$ \text { monohybrid cross} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { b. \(A a B b \times A a B b\) } $$ $$ \text {homozygous condition} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text { c. \(A a\)} $$ $$ \text { heterozygous condition} \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text {\(\mathrm{d} . \mathrm{Aa} \times \mathrm{Aa}\) } $$