Question 45 E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

(a) sulphur dioxide, \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) 

(b) carbonate ion, \({\rm{CO}}_{\rm{3}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}\)

(c) hydrogen carbonate ion, \({\rm{HCO}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\) (\({\rm{C}}\) is bonded to an \({\rm{OH}}\) group and two \({\rm{O}}\) atoms) 

(d) pyridine: 

(e) the allyl ion:

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The resonance forms for the following compounds are as follows –

(a) Sulphur dioxide –  

(b) Carbonate Ion – 

(c) Hydrogen Carbonate Ion –

(d) Pyridine –

(e) Allyl Ion –

Step 1: Concept Introduction

Resonance is a term used to describe delocalized electrons within molecules or polyatomic ions. Several resonance structures portray a molecule or ion with delocalized electrons.

Step 2: Resonance form of Sulphur Dioxide

(a)

Below are the resonance forms of \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) 

Therefore, the resonance forms of \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) are obtained.

Step 2: Resonance form of Carbonate Ion

(b)

Below are the resonance forms of \({\rm{CO}}_{\rm{3}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}\) –

Therefore, the resonance forms of \({\rm{CO}}_{\rm{3}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}\) are obtained.

Step 3: Resonance form of Hydrogen Carbonate Ion

(c)

Below are the resonance forms of \({\rm{HCO}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\) –

Therefore, the resonance forms of \({\rm{HCO}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\) are obtained.

Step 5: Resonance form of Pyridine

(d)

Below are the resonance forms of pyridine –

Therefore, the resonance forms of pyridine are obtained.

Step 6: Resonance form of Allyl Ion

(e) 

Below are the resonance forms of allyl ion –

Therefore, the resonance forms of allyl ions are obtained.