Q4.43P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

(a) Name three common strong acids. 

(b) Name three common strong bases. 

(c) What is a characteristic behavior of a strong acid or a strong base?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a)  $\mathrm{HCl},{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\mathrm{and}{\mathrm{HNO}}_3.$

(b) $\mathrm{NaOH},\mathrm{KOH}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2.$

(c) Strong acid or strong base both can completely dissociate in water.

Step 1: Definition of acid and base

Acids are those compounds that give ${\mathbf{\text{H}}}^{\mathbf{\text{+}}}$ ions in aqueous solution.

 Bases are those compounds that give ${\mathbf{\text{OH}}}^{\mathbf{\text{-}}}$ ion in an aqueous solution.

Step 2: Names of three common strong acids

The names of the three strongest acids are:

1. Hydrochloric acid $\left(\mathrm{HCl}\right)$
2. Sulfuric acid $\left({\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)$
3. Nitric acid $\left({\mathrm{HNO}}_3\right)$

Step 3: Names of three common strong bases

The names of the three strongest bases are:

1. Sodium Hydroxide $\left(\text{NaOH}\right)$
2. Potassium Hydroxide  $\left(\text{KOH}\right)$
3. Calcium Hydroxide $\left(\mathrm{Ca}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\right)$

Step 4: Predict the behaviour of a strong acid or a strong base

The characteristic behavior of a strong acid and base is both of them can completely dissociate in water.

Strong acids give 100% dissociation into ${\mathbf{H}}^{+}$ and ${\mathbf{\text{X}}}^{\mathbf{\text{-}}}$ of HX acid.

A strong base gives 100% dissociation into ${\mathbf{\text{M}}}^{\mathbf{\text{+}}}$ and ${\mathbf{\text{OH}}}^{\mathbf{\text{-}}}$ of MOH base.