Q39 E
Question
Write two complete balanced equations for each of the following reactions, one using condensed formulas and one using Lewis structures. (a) 2-butene is treated with water in dilute acid (b) ethanol is dehydrated to yield ethene
Step-by-Step Solution
Verified(a)
Hydrolysis of 2-butene with water
b)
Formation of ethene
Let's observe the reaction of 2-butene with water in dilute acid.
Let's observe its structure.
2-butene is an alkene with 4 carbon atoms in a straight chain, while a double bond exists between carbon atoms 2 and 3.
What product is made in this reaction?
Since there is a double bond and water molecule, we can assume that water will be added to the double bond.
This reaction follows Markovnikov's rule, which says that the H atom is added to the less substituted carbon atom.
Below we have shown these reactions with Lewis structures and condensed molecular formulas. In other words, the H atom adds to the site that already has more H atoms.
Then, the OH group is added to a more substituted carbon atom - in this case, it's either one because alkene is symmetrical and equally substituted.
Acid serves as a catalyst in this reaction.
Hydrolysis of 2-butene with water
Let's observe the Dehydration reaction of ethanol.
Ethanol consists of 2 carbon atoms and one OH group.
Dehydration is a process where water is removed from a molecule.
Here the OH group will be removed along with the H atom carbon atom adjacent to the C atom attached to the OH group.
Electrons from the C-H bond will be used to form a new π bond and make a double bond between two carbon atoms.
Reactions are written down below.
Formation of ethene