Q39 E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

The arrangement of atoms in several biologically important molecules is given here. Complete the Lewis structures of these molecules by adding multiple bonds and lone pairs. Do not add any more atoms.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The Lewis structure for the following are:

Step 1: Define Chemical Bonding

A chemical bond is a long-term attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds to form.

Step 2: Concept

The following are the steps to drawing a Lewis structure:

(1) First, determine the total number of valence electrons, then deduct one electron for each positive charge if it is a cation, or add one electron for each negative charge if it is an anion.

(2) Now, arrange the atoms around the core atom to form a skeletal structure for the molecule. The least electronegative atom is typically chosen as the center atom. Connect each atom to the core atom with a single bond now.

(3) Now, on all atoms save the center atom, distribute the remaining electrons as lone pairs to complete their octet. (With the exception of hydrogen, which only takes two electrons to complete its duplet.)

(4) Now, arrange the remaining electrons around the center atom.

(5) Now, if any atom's octet is not full, draw several bonds with the centre atom correspondingly.

Step 3: Writing the Lewis structure

1. The Lewis structure of Amino acid serine is:

Step 4: Writing the Lewis structure

(b) The Lewis structure of urea is:

Step 5: Writing the Lewis structure

(c) The Lewis structure of pyruvic acid is:

Step 6: Writing the Lewis structure

(d) The Lewis structure of uracil is:

Step 7: Writing the Lewis structure

(e) The Lewis structure of carbonic acid is: