Q38E - Organic Chemistry (Mcmurry)

Question

Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

1. 2-Methylpentane
2. 2,2-Dimethylbutane
3. 2,3,3-Trimethylhexane
4. 3-Ethyl-6-Methylheptane
5. 3,3,5-Trimethyloctane
6. 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane

Step 1: IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied Chemistry)

IUPAC system is a method of naming various chemical compounds systematically. It is constituted by 4 parts,

IUPAC name=  $\mathbf{Locant}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Prefix}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Parent}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Suffix}$

Locant tells us the position of the substituent, prefix tell us what the substituent is, parent suggest the length of the carbon chain (2,3,4 and so on) and the primary functional group is identified by the suffix part.

Step 2: Naming the compounds

Start numbering from the end, to which methyl group is near.

Locant- 2

Prefix- Methyl substituent

Parent- 5 Carbon chain (Pent)

Suffix- ane

IUPAC name-  2- Methylpentane

Start numbering from the end to which methyl is near.

Locant- 2,2

Prefix- Methyl substituent

Parent- 4 Carbon chain (but)

Suffix- Ane

IUPAC name-  2,2-Dimethylbutane

Start numbering from the end to which methyl is near.

Locant- 2,2,3

Prefix- Methyl substituent

Parent- 6 Carbon chain (hex)

Suffix- ane

IUPAC name-  2,3,3- Trimethyl hexane

Start numbering from the end to which substituent is near.

Locant- 3 and 6

Prefix- 3-Ethyl-6-Methyl substituent

Parent- 7 Carbon chain (hept)

Suffix- ane

IUPAC name- 3-Ethyl-6-Methylheptane

Start numbering from the end to which methyl is near.

Locant- 3,3 and 5

Prefix- Methyl substituent

Parent- 8 Carbon chain (oct)

Suffix- ane

IUPAC name- 3,3,5-Trimethyloctane

 

Start numbering from the end to which methyl is near.

Locant- 2,2,3,3

Prefix- Methyl

Parent- 6 Carbon chain (hex)

Suffix- ane

IUPAC name- 2,2,3,3- Tetramethylhexane