Q36E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Use the build a molecule simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/1/16molbuilding) to repeat Exercise 2.34, but build a molecule with three carbons, seven hydrogens, and one chlorine.

1. Draw the structural formula of this molecule and state its name.
2. Can u arrange these atoms to make a different molecule? If so, draw its structural formula and state its name.
3. How are molecules drawn in (a) and (b) the same? How do they differs? What are they called (the type of relationship between these molecules, not their names)?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) Structural formula:

 

\(\) 

         

 

                             Name-  \(1 - chloropropane\) 

b.

                                         Name- 2- Chloropropane

c. Molecular formula is same, structure is different, structural isomers.

Step1 : write its molecular formula

(a.) So, the formula is C₃H₇Cl

(b) Name- 2- Chloropropane

(c) Molecular formula is same, structure is different, structural isomers.

Step2 : Draw the structural formula according to molecular formula

Step3 : write name according to structure

In propane Cl is attached at 1^st carbon So, the name of compound is 

                1-Chloropropane

Step 4: part b. Change the place of Cl from 1 st carbon to 2 nd carbon.

Step 5: Write the name of molecule according to structure

    Name of new molecule is 2-Chloropropane

Step 6: Compare both the structures to find the relation between them

In both a and b the molecular formula is same it means the no. of carbon and no. of hydrogen and no. of Chlorine are same.

 Both have different structure of molecule because chlorine is connected at the first carbon in first part. Meanwhile, in second part the chlorine is connect at 2^nd carbon.

 

So, the relation between these molecules – We know that those molecules which have same molecular formula but different structure called structural isomers.