Q.34 - Biology

Question

How would treating an area of a forest with a broad spectrum fungicide alter the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the area? 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Treating an area of a forest with a broad spectrum fungicide alter the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the area as, in the carbon cycle, fungi decompose organic matter into small carbon-containing compounds. And in the nitrogen cycle, decomposition by fungi also releases nitrogen for use by living organisms. 

Step1. Introduction

• The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth. Carbon is the main component of biological compounds as well as a major component of many minerals such as limestone. 

• The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. The conversion of nitrogen can be carried out through both biological and physical processes 

Step2. Explanation

Fungi are important decomposers in ecosystems, ensuring that dead plants and animals are broken down into smaller molecules that can be used by other members of the ecosystem. Without fungi, decaying organic matter would accumulate in the forest. 

• In the carbon cycle, fungi decompose organic matter into small carbon-containing compounds. This process releases carbon dioxide back into the air for plants to use during the carbon-fixation steps of photosynthesis.
• In the nitrogen cycle, decomposition by fungi also releases nitrogen for use by living organisms. In this cycle, the nitrogen is released from organic compounds in the form of ammonia.