Q.33 - Biology

Question

What are the advantages and disadvantages of external and internal forms of fertilization? 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Advantages of internal fertilization 

• Fertilized egg is protected from predators and harsh environments.

Disadvantages of internal fertilization

• there are lesser number of offspring produced at a given time because it is sometimes difficult for the male and female to come into intimate contact.

   

 Advantages external fertilization

• It results in increased genetic variations.

  Disadvantages of external fertilization

• A large quantity of gametes is wasted and left unfertilized.

Step 1. Introduction

• When a sperm fertilizes an egg within the female, it is known as internal fertilization. 

• External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body.

Step 2. Explanation

Advantages of External Fertilization

• It results in increased genetic variations.
• It produces a larger number of offsprings.
• The gametes released can drift and therefore it is easy to find mates.

Disadvantages of External Fertilization

• A large quantity of gametes is wasted and left unfertilized.
• Chances of fertilization  are diminished by environmental hazards and Predators
• Eggs and sperms, essentially, may not come in contact

The advantages of internal fertilization are:

• Chances of fusion of gametes are more.
• The probability of successful fertilization is increased.
• The mates are selective.
• The chances of dehydration of gametes decreases.

Disadvantages of internal fertilization 

• There are lesser number of offspring produced at a given time because it is sometimes difficult for the male and female to come into intimate contact. 
• Additionally, the risk of sexually transmitted diseases also increases.