Q32 E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Give the complete IUPAC name for each of the following compounds

a)

b)

c)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a) 2-butanol

b) 2 -iodo-3,3-dimethyl-2-pentanol

c) 3-chloro-3-ethyl-2-hexanol

Step 1: IUPAC names of compounds

The systematic naming of an organic compound, according to IUPAC rules, consists of the following parts:

Prefix+rootword+suffix

The prefix represents the substituents, the root word represents the longest carbon chain in the compound, and the suffix represents the functional group of the compound.

Step 2: Subpart (a)

In this compound, 4 carbon atoms form a straight chain.

This means that we have butane

We can see that we have a -OH group, and if we assign the lowest number possible to that carbon atom, it will be 2.

The compound name is 2-butanol.

Step 3: Subpart (b)

This compound is made out of various atoms and groups.

We can see that 5 carbon atoms form a straight chain which is a sign for pentane in the name.

Also, there are a -OH group, an iodine atom, and two methyl groups as substituents.

If we assign them the lowest numbers possible, 2 will go for -OH and iodine, and 3 will go for methyl groups.

The compound's name is 2-iodo-3,3-dimethyl-2-pentanol.

Step 4: Subpart (c)

The longest chain must contain a -OH group because it has the highest priority.

Then, the longest chain has 6 carbon atoms, a -OH group, a chlorine atom, and an ethyl substituent.

The -OH group has 2 carbons, while ethyl and chlorine have 3.

The compound's name is 3 -chloro-3-ethyl-2-hexanol.