Q2P - Organic Chemistry (Mcmurry)

Question

Draw structures corresponding to the following names:

(a) 3-Methylbutanal (b) 4-Chloro-2-pentanone

(c) Phenylacetaldehyde (d) cis-3-tert-Butylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde

(e) 3-Methyl-3-butenal (f) 2-(1-Chloroethyl)-5-methylheptanal

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Step 1:Structure representation of Organic Compound

The structure representation of an organic compound  is a “three-dimension representation of an organic compound’’ in which a single dashed line represents the carbon and hydrogen bond (C-H) for any given organic compound.

 

The representation is done differently depending on the type of bond between the two carbon.

• Carbon-carbon having a single bond is done as C-C
• Carbon-carbon having a double bond is done as C=C
• Carbon-carbon having triple bond is done as $\mathbf{C}\equiv \mathbf{C}$

Step 2: Structure of 3-Methylbutanal

The given compound (a) 3-methybutanal has butan, which means the parent chain is four carbon long in which the first carbon aldehyde functional group is attached (-CHO) and at the third carbon, methyl substituent is attached, and the hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all four carbon atoms.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of the 3-methybutanal is as follows:

                     Structure of 3-methybutanal

Step 3: Structure of 4-Chloro-2-pentanone

The given compound (b) 4-chloro-2-pentanone has Pentan, which means the parent chain is five-carbon long in which the second carbon ketone functional group is attached (-R’COR) and at the second carbon, phenyl substituent is attached, and the hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all five carbon atoms.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of the 4-chloro-2-pentanone is as follows:

                                Structure of 4-chloro-2-pentanone

Step 4: Structure of Phenylacetaldehyde

The given compound (c) phenylacetaldehyde has acetal, which means the parent chain is two-carbon long in which the first carbon aldehyde functional group is attached (-CHO) and at the second carbon, phenyl ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}$ substituent is attached, and the hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all two carbon atoms.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of the phenylacetaldehydeis as follows:

                                   Structure of phenylacetaldehyde

Step 5: Structure of cis-3-tert-Butylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde

The given compound (d) cis-3-tert-Butylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde has cyclohexane, which means the parent chain is cyclic six-carbon long in which the first carbon aldehyde (-CHO) functional group is attached. At the third carbon, butyl ${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_9$ substituent is attached. The butyl and aldehyde groups are cis to each other hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all six carbon atoms in the cyclic chain.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of the cis-3-tert-Butylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde 

is as follows:

                     Structure of cis-3-tert-butylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde

Step 6: Structure of 3-Methyl-3-butenal

The given compound (e) 3-methyl-3-butenal has the root word “buten,” which means the parent chain is four-carbon long in which the first carbon aldehyde functional group is attached (-CHO). At the third carbon, a double bond and substituent methyl are present, and the hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all four carbon atoms.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of the3-methyl-3-butenal is as follows:

                                 Structure of 3-methyl-3-butenal

Step 7: Structure of 2-(1-Chloroethyl)-5-methylheptanal

The given compound (f) 2-(1-chloroethyl)-5-methylheptanal has the root word heptan, which means the parent chain is seven carbon long in which the first carbon aldehyde functional group is attached (-CHO). At the second carbon 1-chloroethyl substituent and 5^th, carbon methyl substituent is attached, hydrogen atom fulfills all remaining valency of all seven-carbon atoms.

                                                                                                         

Thus the structure of 2-(1-chloroethyl)-5-methylheptanal is as follows:

                       Structure of 2-(1-chloroethyl)-5-methylheptanal