Q28E
Question
Give the hybridization of the metalloid and the molecular geometry for each of the following compounds or ions. You may wish to review the chapters on chemical bonding and advanced covalent bonding for relevant examples.
\((a){\rm{Ge}}{{\rm{H}}_4}\)
\((b){\rm{Sb}}{{\rm{F}}_3}\)
\((c){\rm{Te}}{({\rm{OH}})_6}\)
\((d){{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{Te}}\)
\((e){\rm{Ge}}{{\rm{F}}_2}\)
\((f){\rm{TeC}}{{\rm{l}}_4}\)
\((g){\rm{SiF}}_6^{2 - }\)
\((h){\rm{SbC}}{{\rm{l}}_5}\)
\((i){\rm{Te}}{{\rm{F}}_6}\)
Step-by-Step Solution
Verifieda. Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}},\) molecular geometry: tetrahedral.
b.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}},\) molecular geometry: tetrahedral.
c. Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}},\) molecular geometry: octahedral.
d.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}},\) molecular geometry: tetrahedral.
e.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^2},\) molecular geometry:bent.
f.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{\rm{d,}}\) molecular geometry: trigonal bipyramidal.
g.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}},\) molecular geometry: octahedral.
h.Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{\rm{d,}}\) molecular geometry: trigonal bipyramidal.
i. Hybridization: \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}},\) molecular geometry: octahedral.
- In the periodic table, the metalloids are a group of six elements that divide the metals from the nonmetals.
- Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium are metalloids.
- These elements have the appearance of metals, but they do not conduct electricity as effectively as metals, hence they are semiconductors.
a. \({\rm{Ge}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is tetrahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (a)
b.
\({\rm{Sb}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is tetrahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (b)
c.
\({\rm{Te}}{\left( {{\rm{OH}}} \right)_{\rm{6}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is octahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (c)
d.
\({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{Te}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound istetrahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (d)
e.
\({\rm{Ge}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^2}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound isbent. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (e)
f.
\({\rm{TeC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{\rm{d}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is trigonal bipyramidal. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (f)
g.
\({\rm{SiF}}_{\rm{6}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is octahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (g)
h.
\({\rm{SbC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{5}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{\rm{d}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is trigonal bipyramidal. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (h)
i.
\({\rm{Te}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{6}}}\)
The hybridization is \({\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{2}}}\)and the molecular geometry of the given compound is octahedral. Its structure is as shown below.
Structure of compound (i)