Q24 E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Many monatomic ions are found in seawater, including the ions formed from the following list of elements. Write the Lewis symbols for the monatomic ions formed from the following elements: (a) \({\rm{CI}}\) (b) \({\rm{Na}}\) (c) \({\rm{Mg}}\) (d) \({\rm{Ca}}\) (e) \({\rm{K}}\) (f) \({\rm{Br}}\) (g) \({\rm{Sr}}\) (h) \({\rm{F}}\).

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The Lewis symbol for each are:

a) 

b)

c) 

d) 

e) 

f) 

g) 

h) 

Define Chemical Bonding

A chemical bond is a viable attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds formation.

Explanation

Certain procedures must be performed while drawing the Lewis structure: -

(1) Count the number of valence electrons in total.

(2) If it's a cation, deduct the charges from the valence electrons; if it's an anion, add the charges to the valence electrons.

(3) Finally, we create a skeleto that depicts the atom's total electrons as well as charges (If there is any).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(a)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{7}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{( - )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{8}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(b)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{1}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{( + )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{0}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(c)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{2}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{(2 + )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{0}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(d)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{2}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{(2 + )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{0}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(e)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{1}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{( + )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{0}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(f) 

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{7}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{( - )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{8}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(g)

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{2}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{(2 + )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{0}}\).

Writing the Lewis symbol

(h) 

The valence electrons total is: \({\rm{7}}\).

The charge is: \({\rm{( - )}}\).

As a result, total electrons will be shown in the Lewis dot structure as: \({\rm{8}}\).