Q21.37 P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

The standard cell potential is a thermodynamic state function. How are $\mathbf{E}\mathbf{°}$ values treated similarly to $\mathbf{∆}\mathbf{H}\mathbf{°}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{∆}\mathbf{G}\mathbf{°}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{and}\mathbf{ }\mathbf{∆}\mathbf{S}\mathbf{°}$ values? How are they treated differently?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Thermodynamic state functions include $∆{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{,∆G}}^{\text{o}}$ and  ${\text{S}}^{\text{o}}{\text{,E}}^{\text{o}}$. At the particular temperature and pressure, these values stay constant regardless of the path used to get there. values are measured per mole of electron engaged in the redox process, whereas $∆{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{,∆G}}^{\text{o}}$ and ${\text{S}}^{\text{o}}$ . values are measured per mole of material.

Step 1: What is State Function in Thermodynamics

State functions or point functions are properties whose value is independent of the path followed to reach that value. Path functions, on the other hand, are functions that are dependent on the path between two places.

Step 2: Determining at which stage spectator ions might enter the balancing process

${\text{E}}^{\text{o}}$  is a thermodynamic state function similar to $∆{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{,∆G}}^{\text{o}}$ and ${\text{S}}^{\text{o}}$ . All of them were measured at the same temperature and pressure ( 1 atm and  $\left.\text{298K}\right)$At the particular temperature and pressure, these values stay constant regardless of the path used to get there ${\text{E}}^{\text{o}}$.  values are measured per mole of electron engaged in the redox process, whereas $∆{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{,∆G}}^{\text{o}}$ and ${\text{S}}^{\text{o}}$ . values are measured per mole of material.