Q21. - Organic Chemistry

Question

Question: Draw the product of each reaction.

 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Answers

 

The product formed from each reaction are shown below:-

Step 1: Definition of malonic ester reaction

The process of conversion of diethyl malonate to a carboxylic acid in three steps is known as the malonic ester reaction. It takes place when $\alpha$ -hydrogen is abstracted from diethyl malonate followed by a nucleophilic attack on the halide group. The last steps are hydrolysis and decarboxylation.

Step 2: Decarboxylation

Decarboxylation is the process of removing carbon dioxide from any structure. 

 

Decarboxylation takes place in those cases where a carboxylic group (COOH) is bonded to the  $\alpha$ carbon of another carbonyl group or a structure where a $\beta$ -keto acid is present. After the removal of carbon dioxide, the negative charge formed in the adjacent carbonyl group is stabilized by the -I effect of the carbonyl group. The process is entropically favorable due to the release of gas.

Step 3: Overall steps required for malonic ester reaction

The steps required for the conversion of diethyl malonate to a carboxylic acid are shown below:-

Representation of product formed by malonic ester reaction